VueKeyboardTrap (vue-keyboard-trap)
Project description
Vue directive and composable for keyboard navigation - roving movement and trapping inside container.
Works both for Vue3 and Vue2, as a directive (v-kbd-trap
) or as a composable (useKeyboardTrap
).
Install
pnpm add @pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap
yarn add @pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap
npm install @pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap
Playground
Usage
Usage as ESM
As composable (both Vue3 and Vue2)
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue';
import { useKeyboardTrapFactory } from '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap';
// you can do this in another file and import the configured `useKeyboardTrap`
const useKeyboardTrap = useKeyboardTrapFactory({
// ...options if required
});
const elRef = ref(null);
useKeyboardTrap(
// element (reactive)
elRef,
// modifiers (optional, reactive, default all modifiers are false)
{
roving: true,
},
// active (optional, reactive, default true)
true
);
</script>
<template>
<div ref="elRef">
...
</div>
</template>
As plugin
import { createApp } from 'vue';
import { VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin } from '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap';
import App from './App.vue';
const app = createApp(App);
app.use(VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin, {
// ...options if required
});
app.mount('#app');
import Vue from 'vue';
import { VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin } from '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap';
import App from './App.vue';
Vue.use(VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin, {
// ...options if required
});
new Vue({
el: '#app',
});
Include in specific components
<script setup>
import { VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory } from '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap';
const vKbdTrap = VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory({
// ...options if required
}).directive;
</script>
<script>
import { defineComponent } from 'vue';
import { VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory } from '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap';
const KbdTrap = VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory({
// ...options if required
}).directive;
export default defineComponent({
directives: {
KbdTrap,
},
});
</script>
<script>
import { VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory } from '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap';
const KbdTrap = VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory({
// ...options if required
}).directive;
export default {
directives: {
KbdTrap,
},
};
</script>
User hint styles (cosmetic)
The directive does not require any CSS styles to work, but for cosmetic purposes (as user hints) some example styles are provided in dist/styles/index.sass
.
import '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/styles';
@import '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/styles'
If the /styles
export is not used by your bundler:
import '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/styles/index.sass';
@import '@pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/styles/index.sass'
Usage as UMD
Load the javascript from https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/index.umd.js.
It will expose a global object VueKeyboardTrap
with VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin
and VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory
keys.
In order to work it requires that VueDemi
is already loaded on the page. You can do it like this:
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@3/dist/vue.global.prod.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue-demi/lib/index.iife.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/index.umd.js"></script>
As composable
const { ref } = Vue;
const { useKeyboardTrapFactory } = VueKeyboardTrap;
const useKeyboardTrap = useKeyboardTrapFactory({
// ...options if required
});
const elRef = ref(null);
useKeyboardTrap(
// element (reactive)
elRef,
// modifiers (optional, reactive, default all modifiers are false)
{
roving: true,
},
// active (optional, reactive, default true)
true
);
As plugin
const { createApp } = Vue;
const { VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin } = VueKeyboardTrap;
const app = createApp({});
app.use(VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin, {
// ...options if required
});
app.mount('#app');
const { VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin } = VueKeyboardTrap;
Vue.use(VueKeyboardTrapDirectivePlugin, {
// ...options if required
});
new Vue({
el: '#app',
});
As directive
const { createApp } = Vue;
const { VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory } = VueKeyboardTrap;
const app = createApp({});
const { name, directive } = VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory({
// ...options if required
});
app.directive(name, directive);
app.mount('#app');
const { VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory } = VueKeyboardTrap;
const { name, directive } = VueKeyboardTrapDirectiveFactory({
// ...options if required
});
Vue.directive(name, directive);
User hint styles (cosmetic)
If you want you can access the CSS cosmetic style (user hints) from https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/styles/index.css.
Directive configuration options
Option | Description | Default |
---|---|---|
name | snake-case name of the directive (without v- prefix) | kbd-trap |
datasetName | camelCase name of the data-attribute to be set on element when trap is enabled | v${PascalCase from name} |
focusableSelector | CSS selector for focusable elements | see here |
rovingSkipSelector | CSS selector for elements that should not respond to roving key navigation (input, textarea, ...) | see here |
gridSkipSelector | CSS selector that will be applied in .roving.grid mode to exclude elements - must be a series of :not() selectors | see here |
autofocusSelector | CSS selector for the elements that should be autofocused | see here |
trapTabIndex | tabIndex value to be used when trap element has a tabIndex of -1 and has no tabindex attribute | -9999 |
Default focusableSelector
:
:focus,
a[href]:not([tabindex^="-"]),
area[href]:not([tabindex^="-"]),
video[controls]:not([tabindex^="-"]),
audio[controls]:not([tabindex^="-"]),
iframe:not([tabindex^="-"]),
[tabindex]:not(slot):not([tabindex^="-"]),
[contenteditable]:not([contenteditable="false"]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
details > summary:first-of-type:not([tabindex^="-"]),
input:not([type="hidden"]):not(fieldset[disabled] input):not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
select:not(fieldset[disabled] input):not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
textarea:not(fieldset[disabled] input):not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
button:not(fieldset[disabled] input):not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
fieldset[disabled]:not(fieldset[disabled] fieldset) > legend input:not([type="hidden"]):not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
fieldset[disabled]:not(fieldset[disabled] fieldset) > legend select:not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
fieldset[disabled]:not(fieldset[disabled] fieldset) > legend textarea:not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
fieldset[disabled]:not(fieldset[disabled] fieldset) > legend button:not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"]),
[class*="focusable"]:not([disabled]):not([tabindex^="-"])
By default a
tags without href are not focusable - add a tabindex="0"
attribute on them to make them focusable. This can be done for all other elements if you want them to be focusable.
Default rovingSkipSelector
:
input:not([disabled]):not([type="button"]):not([type="checkbox"]):not([type="file"]):not([type="image"]):not([type="radio"]):not([type="reset"]):not([type="submit"]),
select:not([disabled]),
select:not([disabled]) *,
textarea:not([disabled]),
[contenteditable]:not([contenteditable="false"]),
[contenteditable]:not([contenteditable="false"]) *
Default gridSkipSelector
:
:not([disabled]),
:not([tabindex^="-"])
Default autofocusSelector
:
[autofocus]:not([disabled]):not([autofocus="false"]),
[data-autofocus]:not([disabled]):not([data-autofocus="false"])
Dynamic enable/disable
Use the value of the directive (boolean) to enable/disable it.
<div v-kbd-trap="directiveEnabled">
The modifiers are reactive so if you use render functions you can dynamically change the behaviour.
Directive modifiers
Modifier | Description |
---|---|
.autofocus | autofocuses the first element that matches autofocusSelector or (if no such element is found) the first focusable child element when the directive is mounted or enabled (only if it not covered by another element) |
.roving or .roving.vertical.horizontal | allow roving navigation (Home , End , ArrowKeys ) |
.roving.vertical | allow roving navigation (Home , End , ArrowUp , ArrowDown ) |
.roving.horizontal | allow roving navigation (Home , End , ArrowLeft , ArrowRight ) |
.roving.grid | allow roving navigation (Home , End , ArrowKeys ) using dataset attrs on elements [data-${camelCase from datasetName}-(row/col)] ; [data-${camelCase from datasetName}-(row/col)~="*"] is a catchall |
.roving used on an element with [role="grid"] | allow roving navigation (Home , End , ArrowKeys ) using role attrs on elements [role="row/gridcell"] |
.roving.tabinside | Tab key navigates to next/prev element inside trap (by default Tab key navigates to next/prev element outside trap in roving mode) |
.escrefocus | refocus element that was in focus before activating the trap on Esc |
.escexits | refocus a parent trap on Esc (has priority over .escrefocus ) |
.indexorder used without .grid modifier and on elements without [role="grid"] | force usage of order in tabindex (tabindex in ascending order and then DOM order) |
Keyboard navigation
TAB
/SHIFT
+TAB
key- moves to next / previous focusable element inside the trap group (moves from last one to first one or from first one to last one when no more focusable elements are available in the group)
- if
.roving
modifier is used moves to next / previous trap group or focusable element outside the current trap group - if
.roving.tabinside
modifiers are used then move inside the trap group - if
.indexorder
modifier is used without.grid
and on elements without[role="grid"]
- the order of tabindex will be used
ESC
key- disables / enables the current tab group
- if
.escexits
modifier is used then refocus the last active focusable element in a parent trap group - if
.escrefocus
modifier is used then refocus the last focusable element that was active before the current trap group got focus - if
.escexits
or.escrefocus
are used then pressSHIFT + ESC
to disable / enable the current tab group
HOME
/END
when.roving
modifier is used- move to first / last focusable element in the current trap group
ARROW_KEYS
when.roving
modifier is used (.roving.horizontal.vertical
is the same as.roving
)- if only
.horizontal
modifier is used then onlyARROW_LEFT
/ARROW_RIGHT
keys can be used - if only
.vertical
modifier is used then onlyARROW_UP
/ARROW_DOWN
keys can be used ARROW_LEFT
/ARROW_UP
move to the previous focusable element inside the trap groupARROW_RIGHT
/ARROW_DOWN
move to the next focusable element inside the trap group- if
.indexorder
modifier is used without.grid
and on elements without[role="grid"]
- the order of tabindex will be used
- if only
ARROW_KEYS
when.roving.grid
modifiers are used or.roving
modifier on a trap element with [role="grid"]- move in the grid inside the current trap group
Keyboard navigation inside .roving.grid
trap groups
In order to specify the navigation pattern you must use 2 dataset attributes on the focusable elements inside the .roving
trap group:
data-v-kbd-trap-row
specifies the numeric identifier of the row the element belongs to (numbers need not be consecutive, but their natural order determines the navigation order)data-v-kbd-trap-col
specifies the numeric identifier of the column the element belongs to (numbers need not be consecutive, but their natural order determines the navigation order)
Any or both attributes can have a value of *
that means that it is an alement that can be focused from elements having any coresponding (row or col) attribute.
Navigation rules
- the first focusable element on the row / col (based on direction of movement) is focused
- an element with
*
for row or col is considered to belong to any row / col
Keyboard navigation inside .roving
trap groups with [role="grid"]
In order to specify the navigation pattern you must use role attributes [role="row"]
and [role="gridcell"]
.
All focusable element must have [role="gridcell"]
and must be inside [role="row"]
elements inside [role="grid"]
trap element.
The gridcell
s will be considered inline-start aligned in every row.
Navigation rules
- the first focusable element on the row / col (based on direction of movement) is focused
RTL / LTR
The directive checks the closest parent DOM Element of the active element that has a [dir="rtl"]
or [dir="ltr
]` attribute.
If the direction is RTL the ARROW_LEFT
and ARROW_RIGHT
keys move in reverse (according to document order of the focusable elements) but consistent to the way the elements are ordered on screen.
CSS (visual hints for users)
The directive does not require any styles, but it might help the users to have visual hints for navigation.
A default style is provided as SASS in dist/styles/index.sass
(can be imported as import '@pdapdan/vue-keyboard-trap/styles'
, as import '@pdapdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/styles/index.sass'
(if the bundler does not use the /styles
export) or included from https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/styles/index.sass).
The default style is also provided as CSS in dist/styles/index.css
(can be imported as import '@pdapdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/styles/index.css'
or included from https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/pdanpdan/vue-keyboard-trap/dist/styles/index.css).
There are some CSS variables that can be used to customize the aspect of the hints:
Variable | Role | Default |
---|---|---|
--color-v-kbd-trap-enabled | the text color when directive is enabled | #c33 ■ |
--color-v-kbd-trap-disabled | the text color when directive is disabled | #999 ■ |
--color-v-kbd-trap-background | the background color of the hint area | #eeee ■ |
--text-v-kbd-trap-separator | separator between elements | / |
--text-v-kbd-trap-enabled | indicator for enabled but not active trap | Trap |
--text-v-kbd-trap-esc | indicator for Esc key active | Esc |
--text-v-kbd-trap-esc-refocus | indicator for Esc key active when it refocuses | Esc\2949 / Esc⥉ |
--text-v-kbd-trap-esc-exits | indicator for Esc key active when it exits trap | Esc\2923 / Esc⤣ |
--text-v-kbd-trap-tab | indicator for Tab key active inside trap | Tab |
--text-v-kbd-trap-tab-exits | indicator for Tab key active when it exits trap | Tab\21C5 / Tab⇅ |
--text-v-kbd-trap-grid | indicator for grid mode active | \229E / ⊞ |
--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-all | indicator for move keys active in roving mode | \2962\2963\2965\2964 / ⥢⥣⥥⥤ |
--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-horizontal | indicator for move keys active in roving mode horizontal | \2962\2964 / ⥢⥤ |
--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-vertical | indicator for move keys active in roving mode vertical | \2963\2965 / ⥣⥥ |
In the default style the hint is positioned on the top-right corner of the trap group.
@charset "UTF-8"
$ColorVKeyboardTrapEnabled: #c33 !default
$ColorVKeyboardTrapDisabled: #999 !default
$ColorVKeyboardTrapBackground: #eeee !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator: "/" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapEnabled: "Trap" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapEsc: "Esc" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapEscRefocus: "Esc\2949" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapEscExits: "Esc\2923" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapTab: "Tab" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapTabExits: "Tab\21C5" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapGrid: "\229E" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsAll: "\2962\2963\2965\2964" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsHorizontal: "\2962\2964" !default
$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsVertical: "\2963\2965" !default
// :root
// --color-v-kbd-trap-enabled: #c33
// --color-v-kbd-trap-disabled: #999
// --color-v-kbd-trap-background: #eeee
// --text-v-kbd-trap-separator: "/"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-enabled: "Trap"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-esc: "Esc"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-esc-refocus: "Esc\2949"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-esc-exits: "Esc\2923"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-tab: "Tab"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-tab-exits: "Tab\21C5"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-grid: "\229E"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-all: "\2962\2963\2965\2964"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-horizontal: "\2962\2964"
// --text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-vertical: "\2963\2965"
[data-v-kbd-trap]
--v-kbd-trap: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-enabled, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapEnabled}")
--v-kbd-trap-esc: ""
--v-kbd-trap-tab: ""
--v-kbd-trap-roving: ""
&:where(:has(:focus-visible))
--v-kbd-trap: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-enabled, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapEnabled}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}")
--v-kbd-trap-esc: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-esc, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapEsc}")
&:after
content: var(--v-kbd-trap, "") var(--v-kbd-trap-esc, "") var(--v-kbd-trap-tab, "") var(--v-kbd-trap-roving, "")
pointer-events: none
position: absolute
top: 2px
right: 2px
font: italic small-caps bold 14px monospace
line-height: 1em
padding: 4px
background-color: var(--color-v-kbd-trap-background, #{$ColorVKeyboardTrapBackground})
border-radius: 2px
z-index: 1
&:where([tabindex="-9999"], dialog, [popover])
outline: none
&:after
color: var(--color-v-kbd-trap-disabled, #{$ColorVKeyboardTrapDisabled})
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap-active]):after
color: var(--color-v-kbd-trap-enabled, #{$ColorVKeyboardTrapEnabled})
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap-active])
--v-kbd-trap: ""
--v-kbd-trap-esc: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-esc, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapEsc}")
--v-kbd-trap-tab: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-tab, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapTab}")
--v-kbd-trap-roving: ""
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=roving])
--v-kbd-trap-tab: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-tab-exits, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapTabExits}")
--v-kbd-trap-roving: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-all, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsAll}")
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=tabinside])
--v-kbd-trap-tab: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-tab, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapTab}")
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=vertical])
--v-kbd-trap-roving: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-vertical, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsVertical}")
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=horizontal])
--v-kbd-trap-roving: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-horizontal, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsHorizontal}")
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=grid], [role=grid])
--v-kbd-trap-roving: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-grid, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapGrid}")
&:has(input:not([disabled]):not([type="button"]):not([type="checkbox"]):not([type="file"]):not([type="image"]):not([type="radio"]):not([type="reset"]):not([type="submit"]):focus-visible, select:not([disabled]):focus-visible, select:not([disabled]) *:focus-visible, textarea:not([disabled]):focus-visible, [contenteditable]:not([contenteditable="false"]):focus-visible, [contenteditable]:not([contenteditable="false"]) *:focus-visible)
--v-kbd-trap-tab: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-tab, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapTab}")
--v-kbd-trap-roving: ""
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=escrefocus])
--v-kbd-trap-esc: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-esc-refocus, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapEscRefocus}")
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=escexits])
--v-kbd-trap-esc: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-esc-exits, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapEscExits}")
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=roving][data-v-kbd-trap~=horizontal]):has([data-v-kbd-trap-active][data-v-kbd-trap~=roving][data-v-kbd-trap~=vertical])
--v-kbd-trap-roving: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-horizontal, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsHorizontal}")
&:after
color: var(--color-v-kbd-trap-enabled, #{$ColorVKeyboardTrapEnabled})
&:where([data-v-kbd-trap~=roving][data-v-kbd-trap~=vertical]):has([data-v-kbd-trap-active][data-v-kbd-trap~=roving][data-v-kbd-trap~=horizontal])
--v-kbd-trap-roving: var(--text-v-kbd-trap-separator, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapSeparator}") var(--text-v-kbd-trap-arrows-vertical, "#{$TextVKeyboardTrapArrowsVertical}")
&:after
color: var(--color-v-kbd-trap-enabled, #{$ColorVKeyboardTrapEnabled})
Development
Install the dependencies
pnpm i
Start development mode (hot-code reloading, error reporting, etc.)
pnpm dev
Lint the files
pnpm lint
Build for production
pnpm build
Source code, issues, bug reports, feature requests
Vue Keyboard Trap (vue-keyboard-trap)
Author
- Name: Dan Popescu (PDan)
- Email: pdan.popescu@gmail.com
- Website: https://github.com/pdanpdan/
- Github: @pdanpdan
License
Copyright © 2022-present Dan Popescu.
This application is distributed under , see LICENSE for more information.